Physics-based crowd simulation

See the crowd
before it gathers.

Optimal Crowd predicts pedestrian flow with the precision of physics and the speed of the cloud. Design safer spaces, smarter.

Every path computed.
Before any agent moves.

Before the simulation starts, Optimal Crowd solves a navigation field for your entire space — computing the geodesically optimal route from every cell to every exit, accounting for walls, obstacles, and real-time density.

  • Wall-aware geodesic routing

    Paths curve naturally away from obstacles. No agents hugging walls or cutting corners.

  • Cut-locus decision boundaries

    The engine finds the exact point where two competing routes diverge and splits the crowd intelligently at that boundary.

  • Predictive rerouting

    Agents reroute based on where congestion will be — not just where it is now.

No waypoints. No graphs.

Agents navigate a continuous geodesic field. Every path is mathematically optimal for your exact layout — not an approximation of one.

Congestion predicted, not reacted to.

The engine looks 3 seconds ahead. Agents reroute before the bottleneck forms, not after your space is already packed.

Evidence, not intuition.

Every run is stored, quantified, and exportable. Your safety case has a verifiable paper trail built in from the first timestep.

0.1 m Grid resolution
50 Hz Simulation rate
Real-time Streaming results
Multi-zone Linked flows

Crowd behavior is predictable.
Now you can act on it.

Optimal Crowd is a cloud platform for simulating and analyzing pedestrian dynamics. Design your space, define flows, and run physics-accurate simulations — entirely in the browser.

Browser-based editor

Design multi-room layouts with obstacles, spawn zones, and exit targets directly in your browser. No CAD software required.

Real-time simulation

Watch agents populate your space and stream live density maps, flow rates, and bottleneck indicators as the simulation runs.

Congestion intelligence

Our SmartFlow engine predicts where crowds will concentrate and reroutes agents accordingly — before congestion develops.

Team workspaces

Organize projects by team, share layouts across rooms, and run multiple scenarios in parallel inside your organization's workspace.

Built on peer-reviewed physics,
not assumptions.

Every agent in our simulations obeys the same physical laws that govern real pedestrian dynamics — derived from decades of academic research.

01

Fast Marching Method

Global pathfinding solved as a geodesic problem on a continuous field. Agents follow mathematically optimal, wall-aware paths — not waypoints or heuristics.

Sethian, J.A. (1996) — Level Set Methods & Fast Marching
02

Social Force Model

Each agent exerts and responds to repulsive forces from walls and neighbors. Speed-dependent body geometry and anisotropic interactions produce crowd behavior that matches empirical observation.

Helbing & Molnár (1995) — Physical Review E
03

SmartFlow Routing

Our proprietary layer detects cut-locus boundaries in the navigation field and applies density prediction so agents reroute based on where congestion will be, not just where it is.

Optimal Crowd R&D, 2026

Two urgency modes. One engine.

Simulate standard occupancy or full evacuation panic — both grounded in published behavioral research.

Calm

Normal occupancy. Free-flow walking speeds (Weidmann 1993), natural spacing, congestion-aware rerouting.

Panic

Emergency evacuation. Elevated speeds, compressed reaction times, herding behavior — modeled on Helbing et al. (2000) escape-panic dynamics.

Every run generates
a complete audit trail.

From the first timestep to the last agent cleared, Optimal Crowd streams and stores a full set of quantified metrics — ready for export, review, or regulatory submission.

ped/m²

Peak density

Maximum pedestrian density reached anywhere in the space. The international safety threshold is 2 ped/m² — tracked continuously, not just at snapshot intervals.

m/s

Average speed

Mean walking speed across all agents at every timestep. Drops sharply in congested zones — a leading indicator of crowd stress before density peaks.

High-density area

Total floor area above the 2 ped/m² danger threshold. Tracked across the entire run to surface which zones accumulate risk over time.

seconds

Evacuation time

Time from simulation start to the last agent cleared. The primary metric for safety compliance and regulatory submissions worldwide.

ped/min

Exit flow rate

Throughput per exit point. Identify underperforming gates, narrow corridors, and inefficient routing — before construction begins.

▶ replay

Stored runs

Every completed simulation is saved for later replay and scenario comparison. Build an evidence library across design iterations.

Where precision matters.

EV

Event Venues

Validate entry and exit strategies before opening day. Identify queue bottlenecks, optimize gate placement, and stress-test emergency scenarios.

TR

Transit Infrastructure

Model pedestrian flow through stations, terminals, and concourses at peak capacity. Design infrastructure that scales with real demand.

AR

Architecture & Design

Simulate occupancy during the design phase. Verify corridor widths, exit placement, and evacuation routes before a single brick is laid.

SF

Safety & Compliance

Generate evidence-grade simulation runs for regulatory submissions. Demonstrate evacuation feasibility with quantified KPIs and timestamped results.

From floor plan to insight
in minutes.

01

Design your space

Use the browser-based editor to draw rooms, place obstacles, and define pedestrian zones — spawn points, targets, and linked flows across connected areas.

02

Configure and run

Set pedestrian volumes, urgency levels, and simulation mode. Hit run. The engine computes navigation fields and launches agents. Results stream live to your browser.

03

Analyze and decide

Review density heatmaps, flow rates, peak congestion zones, and evacuation timelines. Export results. Iterate on your design with confidence.

Ready to see your
space in motion?

We're onboarding early partners. Tell us about your space, and we'll set up a demo tailored to your use case.

Request a Demo